Gamma glutamyl transferase testing involves the quantitative assessment of gamma glutamyl transferase. This is a membrane protein which catalyze the transfer of glutamyl to amino acids or peptides. The gamma glutamyl cycle is a pathway in which the glutathione homeostasis and detoxification of xenobiotics is carried out. The level of gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) increases in the serum in conditions such as cardiovascular disease, liver dysfunction or disease and other metabolic syndromes. In general the gamma glutamyl transferase testing is prescribed by the doctor when liver damage or liver disease is suspected especially in case of alcohol abuse. Low appetite, vomiting or nausea, fatigue, abdominal pain, jaundice, dark urine, and itchy skin are some of the most common symptoms of liver disorders and diseases. Alcohol hepatitis is the most common liver disorder diagnosed using the gamma glutamyl transferase testing.
Oxidative stress can also be asses using gamma glutamyl transferase testing. Apart from liver damage, gamma glutamyl testing can also be used to assess elevated levels of gamma glutamyl transferase due to kidney, pancreas and biliary system diseases. Alcohol abuse and abuse of certain medications also can be asses by the elevated levels of GGT through the gamma glutamyl transferase testing. However, the gamma glutamyl transferase testing is not a standalone test. The gamma glutamyl transferase testing is often followed by other blood tests such as ALT and AST that is also known as SGOT and the bilirubin test. None the less the gamma glutamyl transferase testing is a valuable testing method for uncovering many silent liver diseases that may otherwise go undiagnosed.
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The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) test is generally conducted in correlation with the gamma glutamyl transferase testing. Elevated levels of both the GGT and ALP is indicative towards issues with the liver or bile. Normal level of GGT and elevated level of ALP is indicative towards a bone disease. Thus the gamma glutamyl transferase testing is also used to rule out certain diseases. Elevated levels of GGT is indicative towards alcohol abulse, hepatitis, improper blood flow to liver, liver cancer, liver cirrhosis, drug abuse or drug related liver toxicity, heart failure, diabetes, pancreatitis and fatty liver disease.
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase Testing Market: Drivers and Restraints
Rising prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, liver disorders and diseases as well as rise in alcohol consumption globally are some of the factors that drive the growth of the gamma glutamyl transferase testing market. However, availability of alternative testing methods could hinder the growth of the gamma glutamyl transferase testing market. Furthermore, need for secondary and confirmatory testing may impact the growth of the gamma glutamyl transferase testing market negatively.
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Gamma Glutamyl Transferase testing Market: Overview
The colorimetric type of gamma glutamyl transferase testing kits are most commonly used kits. This is primarily due to the lower cost when compared to the ELISA based test kit. Assay kits are easy to use, they are convenient, simple and require no or little time for optimization. The gamma glutamyl transferase is generally conducted as a blood test and is highly accurate and sensitive to alcohol, medication and smoking. Treatment for elevated levels of GGT involves lifestyle changes, change in diet and medication. The gamma glutamyl transferase testing is not a standalone test however is a highly accurate and sensitive test that can also be used for ruling out certain disease. The gamma glutamyl transferase testing can also be used for tissue lysates and cell lysates for research and diagnostic purposes.
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase testing Market: Regional Outlook
Rising obesity, diabetes and alcohol abuse in North America and Europe are the primary factors that drive the growth of the gamma glutamyl transferase testing market in the regions. North America is expected to hold the maximum share the market followed by Europe. However, rising incidence of diabetes in Asia Pacific and significant rise in population in the regions is driving the growth of the patient pool. This allows Asia Pacific market for gamma glutamyl transferase testing market to grow at a significantly high rate.
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Gamma Glutamyl Transferase testing Market: Key Players
Some of the key players in the gamma glutamyl transferase testing market include, Merck KGaA, BioVision Inc., Creative BioMart, PromoCell, Abnova Corporation, XpressBio, Abbkine, Inc., MyBioSource, among others.