Gram-negative bacteria are non-pathogenic in person with the normal immune system. However, in person with a weak immune system having gram negative bacteria can behave as significant pathogens. The ability to prevent the effect of such micro-organisms is significantly hampered by the resistance of antimicrobials. The above is the reason for the introduction, and continuous research on combination antibiotics and physicians are now concentrating on selecting an appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy for treating the nosocomial infection. Furthermore, the multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms have come out to be an accountable threat to the patients and are responsible for rising in mortality rate from 30 to 70% in infections category. Inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics abundantly and regularly is highly contributing to the emergence of MDRGNs. The advent and propagation of these highly resistant gram-negative organisms are a matter of concern due to the limited number of currently available antimicrobial agents or in the pipeline drug combat these organisms.
Gram-negative bacteria are pathogens and carriers of many diseases that affected the flora found living naturally in the human gut. There are numerous reasons involved where such bacteria become resistant to the antibiotics from, which they have been sensitive to in the past. As a result, the traditional antibiotics are no longer effective in treating the diseases and infections caused due to these microorganisms.
Rising prevalence of various rare disease globally is expected to support the criteria of hospital-treated gram-negative infections market. There has been rising need for newer drugs for getting the appropriate effect on the micro-organisms. The increasing number of strains of the bacteria and growing resistance towards the previously existing pathogens are expected to favor the market for drugs used hospital-treated gram-negative infections. The world is running out of drugs for infections caused due to gram-negative bacteria.
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However, companies are laying efforts in drug discoveries by spending more and more in research and development. Furthermore, among all of the bacterial resistance problems, gram-negative pathogens are particularly troublesome and a reason for major worry in physician community as they are getting resistant to maximum currently available drugs. The most common gram-negative infections include the pathogens such as Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter. Major challenges are rising for the treatment of patient suffering from pan-resistant or nearly pan-resistant gram-negative microorganisms.
The global market for hospital-treated gram-negative Infections market is segmented on the basis of drug class, indication, application, and distribution channel:
- Segmentation by Therapy
- Cephalosporin, Aminoglycoside
- Ampicillin/sulbactam, Carbapenem, Colistin or Rifampin
- Aminoglycoside, Carbapenem, Colistin, Fosfomycin, Rifampin, or Tigecycline
- Ceftolozane/Tazobactam
- Ceftazidime/Avibactam
- Others
- Segmentation by Pathogen type
- Klebsiella
- Acinetobacter
- Coli
- cepacia
- Pseudomonas
- Serratia
- Enterobacter
- Others
Powerful and frequent administration of antibiotics is becoming a standard-of-care treatment for gram-negative infections, specifically for those diseases acquired in healthcare facilities such as hospitals, nursing homes and long-term care facilities. As a result of frequently acquired infections, the rise in antimicrobial resistance rates has forced an immediate need to introduce novel antibiotic therapies with activity against multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens. As a result, various commercial opportunities falls particularly in the healthcare facilities, for latest brands defining clinical efficacy in patients with resistant infections, and precisely in those associated with high mortality rate. Nevertheless, the hospitals need to take perfect steps to prevent such infections such as basic cleanliness acquired by the patients in the hospitals and other medical facilities, use of disinfected instruments for treatment and making the people aware of the consequences of overusing antibiotics.
Although, the reasons mentioned above may further act as an impediment for the market for the drugs used in hospital-treated gram-negative infections somehow is expected to maintain the traction for currently existing antibiotics. Shown improvements over presently available gram negative infection agents are expected to be key during reimbursement and pricing negotiations among the government and the pharmaceutical companies. The provision of positioning gram-negative infections antibiotics in the hospital formulary is also expected to be a key driver of market access in the hospital-treated gram-negative infections drugs market.
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Furthermore, hospital-treated GNI market is being dominated by generics available in the market as most of the infections can be treated effectively with older agents present in the generic form, which in turn is expected to impede the hospital-treated gram-negative infections drugs market. Novel and recently approved antibiotics are typically reserved for future prospected in the case where the older antibiotics are strongly resisting by gram-negative bacteria.
On the basis of region presence, hospital-treated gram-negative infections market is segmented into five key regions: North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Middle East & Africa. Presently, North America dominates the global market for hospital-treated gram-negative infections due to existing large number of facilities for research and development. However, growth in Asia-Pacific region is significant in terms of CAGR over the forecast period due to rising in resistance due to improper scheduled of antibiotics administration. The U.S. Hospital-treated gram-negative infections market is expected to dominate in terms of market share with significant share among all the regions.
Some player exists in this group that are:
- Merck
- Pfizer
- AstraZeneca
- Abbott
- Lupin Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
- Istituto lusofarmaco d’italia spa
- Adelco S.A
- Zhejiang yuntao biotechnology co.
- Alcon Laboratories