Leukocyte concentration, red cell concentration, plasma for transfusion, and platelet concentration, are some of the blood products, which are obtained from the processing of single donations of blood or plasma. In whole blood, red blood cells, leukocytes, and platelets are suspended within the plasma. Blood plasma is the liquid component of the whole blood, and makes up approximately 55% of the total blood volume. It is a complex biological material mainly composed of water with small amount of minerals, ions, nutrients, salts, and proteins in the solution. Human plasma is composed of protease inhibitors, protease, fibrinolytic proteins, coagulation factors, and anti-coagulant proteins. Human plasma is obtained through large scale processing steps known as fractionation, i.e. a sequence of process in which plasma is separated for medicinal use. Human blood plasma is obtained by separating the plasma from the whole blood or by apheresis.
Differential solubility of proteins, differential interaction of protein with solid media and interaction with physical field are various methods for plasma fraction. Human plasma for fractionation is the starting material for the manufacture of a range of medicinal products used for the treatment of a variety of life-threatening injuries and diseases such as immunological disorders, infections, trauma, and congenital deficiencies. In addition, with extensive measures to eliminate infectious donations along with various steps to eliminate and inactivate contaminated virus has reduced the risk of disease transmission by plasma products. Technological innovation and production methods of plasma fractionation are helping to extensively improve product purity, and the yields of plasma-derived proteins in plasma fractionation.
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North America dominates the global market for plasma fraction due to rise in neurological and autoimmune disorders, and increasing geriatric population in the region. Asia is expected to show high growth rates in the next five years in the global plasma fraction market, with China and India being the fastest-growing markets in the Asia Pacific region. The key driving forces for the plasma fraction market in developing countries are the large pool of patients, increasing awareness about the disease, increasing disposable income, rising number of hemophilic patients, increasing organ transplantation, increasing use of immunoglobulins, and rising government funding in the region.
Increasing number of hemophilic patients, rise in geriatric population, increase in healthcare awareness and expenditure, growing off-label use of albumin and immunoglobulin in various chronic diseases, increased diagnosis rate of diseases, rise in the use of prophylactic treatment for bleeding and immune diseases, and increasing disposable income in developing countries are some of the key factors driving the growth of the global plasma fraction market. However, strict government regulations, high cost and limited reimbursement, economic slowdown, and rising number of recombinant products act as major restraints for the growth of the global plasma fraction market.
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Some of the major trends in the global plasma fraction market are increasing market consolidation, rising adoption of subcutaneous Ig ScIg therapy, increasing number of local players, and rising number of plasma fraction collection centers. The major companies operating in the global plasma fraction market are
- Baxter International
- Octapharma AG
- Biotest AG
- CSL
- Grifols International S.A.
- Kedrion S.p.A.
- LFB S.A.
- Chinese Biological Products
- Shanghai RAAS Blood Products Co.